The Power of Earth

This massive rock formation shows how two different tectonic plates interacted with each other. 

The vertical striatiions are caused by one plate, while the top portion of rock is caused by a different plate. Looking at these rocks is a great way to see how the earth beneath your feet came to be, and it tells you how they interacted with each other.

Sedimentary rock forms by many layers of deposition occurring over a long period of time. The end result is a rock that will have striations that correspond to the different layers that were laid down over the eons. The thing with sedimentary rock is it is always laid down horizontally. To generate these vertical lines, the entire rock formation had to be turned on its side! 

Rock may seem rather hard and unwieldy, but it is rather flexible, you just have to zoom out quite a bit. Instead of focusing on a single stone, it is best to focus on the entire plate itself. Just how a block of wood is rather hard to bend, if that same type of wood were on a long board, you could cause it to bend! As two tectonic plates are pushed together, the forces on them will cause the edges of the plates to flex in various ways. Either both edges will go up and form mountains, or one edge will go up while the other edge is forced under the top plate. The top plate will then flex upwards, and in extreme circumstances, will flex all the way until the striations in the rock are vertical! 

That explains the bottom portion, but what about the top piece? If the top plate got pushed upwards to create the vertical lines, how did the other rock get ontop of it? 

The Earth’s history is written in the rocks you see right before your eyes like a book; all you need to do is sit down and read it. The vertically striated rock did climb up and over another plate to cause the sedimentary lines to become vertical, but no one said anything about what happened before that time. The other rock on top is telling us that long before the vertical edge turned up, it was previously under another piece of rock. As it rotated and turned upwards, it pushed the rock that was on top of it already upwards and high into the sky, creating this massive mountain structure where you have vertical lines with garbled stone above it. 

Synthetic Rigging After Crossing an Ocean

Synthetic rigging is still something new to the majority of sailors. In most sailors minds, Standing is Steel and Running is Rope. The thought of putting rope where the steel goes baffles them and they instantly revolt in freight at the idea! 

Well, synthetic rigging actually works, and the system I invented, where the standing rigging can be tensioned by using deadeyes on a large yacht has just taken the ultimate test: an ocean crossing! 

In 2014, I wanted to switch to synthetic standing rigging, but I wanted to use deadeyes instead of turnbuckles. At the time, I hadn’t really given rigging much thought and I fell into the “standing is steel” category. I contacted Colligo Marine, because they were the largest fabricator of synthetic standing rigging and I felt that they would be able to do it best, since I was not planning on making my own rigging at the time. I was shocked when Frank told me “it can’t be done with deadeyes, you can’t get enough tension in the stays for a boat larger than 30 feet.” I thought this was preposterous, as tall ships were much larger than 30 feet and used deadeyes.

And so began my studies into rigging. Along the way, I figured out why he felt it couldn’t be done on a modern Bermuda Rigged yacht, and subsequently, I figured out how it could be done.

There were two major holdups for deadeyes, first the challenge of creating a Mobious Brummel Grommet (or rope loop) and the second challenge of how to create enough tension in the stays to support the stresses of a modern rig. 

The Mobious Brummel Grommet took a bit of thought and then the idea came to me one night! Achieving the tension in the stay was a bit more complicated in my mind, until I invented a new knot that would make it all possible: the Shroud Frapping Knot. 

With a new splice and a new knot invented, I was finally able to create a method to setup and tension synthetic standing rigging on a modern yacht! Now it was time to test it out.  Fabrication began in the winter of 2014, and installation of the stays began in the spring of 2015.

The first major test was a month long sail through the Chesapeake Bay and out in the Atlantic off the coast of North Carolina. This test proved to be a success, and we knew that the rigging would work. Not only was it able to be set up, it was also able to hold its tension over a long period of time. This means that once setup and settled in, it would be as reliable as steel rigging.

Sailing the Chesapeake Bay is picturesque, but we wanted to go farther, and test the rigging even further. In 2017, we began cruising full time and putting our synthetic rigging through tests in all sorts of conditions. We cruised coastally down the East Coast of the United States, from Maryland to Florida, and then across the Gulf Stream to the Bahamas.

Once in the Bahamas, we gave the rigging a thorough inspection, only to discover that it is doing fine, three years after it was installed, there were no signs of damage to the stays.

We cruised around the Bahamas for about a month while we waited for a weather window to open for us to cross the Atlantic Ocean and set sail for the Azores! This would be the longest and most punishing test we could do for the rigging. Ocean sailing puts a whole new level of stress on your rigging, as it is under load for weeks on end! There is no safe harbor to wait out foul weather, and there is no rescue that will come to your aide should something break. It is a true acid test, as any weak points in a system will be stressed past the point of failure, and will then reveal themselves.

We were excited to set out and cross the ocean with a rigging system that had never been tested like this before. Every mile we sailed was another mile on these new knots and splices! 

The Atlantic Crossing took 21 days from Florida to Bermuda (due to a lack of wind) and 24 days from Bermuda to the Azores. This test was a true test of the rigging, as sails were flying in all weather conditions. We have an electric motor instead of the diesel, so we relied fully on the rigging to get us there! 

Upon arriving in the Azores, it was time to inspect the rigging once more and see how it faired. The verdict: Just fine! 

All the stays look identical to the way they looked at year 1, with slight fuzz present where the lazy sheet sometimes rubs the shrouds until we can move it away to prevent any further chafe. Where there is no contact with the lazy sheet, the stays are still smooth and perfect. We no longer think about the rigging as we sail, as now it is a rock solid and dependable part of the boat! We focus on the weather, navigation, and setting the sails instead of wondering if the mast is in column (because it always is). 

Our synthetic rigging that is tensioned with deadeyes has been standing and working well since 2015, and has carried us over 6000 miles, including an ocean crossing. If you have any doubts about the strength or reliability of synthetic rigging, look at our path and put your fears to rest.  

When to Visit the Azores?

The Azores are a small chain of islands located in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Their closest point of land is Portugal, and therefore they are Portuguese colonies.  

These islands are characterized by their wild and untouched beauty, though each island is completely different from the next. 

In Flores, one of the two Western-most islands, the typical tourist season is the summer (or dry season) as they refer to it here. This is simply because it is less rainy and you are probably going to have a better chance at great weather than if you tried in the winter (or rainy season) as they refer to it here. 

Flores is one of the islands that gets the most rainfall in all of the Azores, and as a result, also has some of the most lush vegetation and populous waterfalls. 

   If you want to go hiking, the best time to visit would be the summer months, as you will have less rainy days and excellent hiking weather. If you like waterfalls, you might be disappointed! 

The waterfalls depend on rain in the center of the island to cause the rivers to flow down and off the cliffs. If it has been very dry, the waterfalls will dry up and you won’t get to see them! 

If you are more interested in seeing majestic waterfalls at every turn you make, I would suggest visiting the Azores in the winter!  

During the winter, you will be in the “off-season” so you will have the ability to enjoy the waterfalls in absolute peace and tranquility. You will be the only person standing before the natural wonder and can sit on a stump to reflect upon whatever comes to mind. 

To make booking your adventures easier, visit TravelGnu to find the best deal on hotels and car rentals! 

TravelGnu

If you want to travel the world but don’t have the time to sail across an ocean, there is an option for you!  TravelGnu.

Mark, a fellow cruiser, decided he wanted to make traveling more accessible to more people, and so he created TravelGnu. The idea is simple, when you cruise, you will stumble upon a cool area and find great deals on travel excursions because they are not well known and not well advertised. TravelGnu takes all this local knowledge and puts it on one site that lets you plan and book your next adventure at a great rate and see things you wouldn’t have otherwise known about! 

While our boat is on the hard getting a refit, Maddie and I took small “vacations” to other places to take a break from the boatwork. Since we are on a rather tight budget, cost was one of the most important features of our decision making. 

https://travelgnu.com/author/rigging-doctor

When you visit TravelGnu, just type your destination into the yellow “Booking.com” box and it will take you to a page where you can find the best deals every for your destination. You can also search through the TravelGnu page to find adventure and excursion packages for your destination that way you can have an instant adventure with minimal time away from work!

When we visited Flores, we found a great hotel room (bed and breakfast) for only €200 for 5 nights! This included breakfast for each morning, as well as very knowledgable staff about local restaruants and sights. This was a great way for us to unwind after a long month of boatwork, and it could also be a great way for you to unwinde on your vacation time! 

Raging Bull?

In the Azores, bull fights take on a new interpretation. 

Bulls are brought out into the streets of the towns and the locals (after a few beers) will run up to the bull, taunt it, and then promptly be smashed by the bull! The locals take great joy in trying to cheat death as they run for their lives from a raging bull. They will taunt the bull with umbrellas to try and make the bull charge away from their bodies, but an angry bull is much smarter than a drunk human, and the bull usually knocks the drunk for a loop! 

I began to wonder, are the bull here always like this? Or are they only irritated by the constant taunting from the drunk locals? 

While hiking around, Maddie and I came across a field full of cows and one particularly large cow right by the low stone wall. We looked at each other and pet its head. It looked at us for a while as we smiled back, then it picked its nose with its tongue. 

We didn’t realize the situation we were in until the large cow walked away from the wall and revealed to us that it was in fact a bull!  

The bulls here are just as kind as the cows, and just like us, they don’t like to be taunted. If you do taunt the bulls, they are strong and will send you flying up into the sky before they fling your lifeless body into a stone wall!  

If you ever get bored, you should check out the Azores Bull Fight videos on YouTube (no bulls are injured in the fights, only the local humans). After the bull fights, the bulls go home to their field where they continue being a bull and grazing in the pastures.