Sails

Tanbark vs White Sails Part 3

Now we will look at the advantages of tanbark sails!

The advantages of tanbark are:

They are more visible in fog than white sails
They are not blinding to look at during the day
They are easily recognized
They don't show dirt

While tanbark sails are invisible by night, they are very visible during fog and haze during the day. White sails on the contrary will blend right in with the white background of the fog. While I do not suggest setting sail into a misty fog, I have had fog roll in on me while out in the bay. I was sailing blind, focusing on the chart plotter to make sure I was outside of the channel and far from any obstacle. The dark sails show up as high contrast and a tall beacon in fog, especially when topped with a masthead strobe light to maximize the chances of someone else seeing me in the fog to avoid a collision.

As stated before, the sails will not glow a blinding white that burns into your eyes. They sun makes them glisten a deep red on a background of deep burgundy. They are rather awesome sight to behold.

Another advantage is how easily recognizable they make the boat. When we were sailing under the Annapolis Bay Bridge, one of my friends happened to be driving over it and in the sea of sailboats down there was able to spot us. He gave me a call to make sure it was me and sure enough, we were going under the bridge at that moment. I doubt that would have happened if we had white sails just like every other sailboat.

The biggest advantage came into play with the radio communications. We would frequently heard large ships hailing a sailboat asking them to move and it always seemed that the sailboat in the way never thought they were hailing him.

"White sailboat with white sails, please move from the channel"
or
"White sailboat with white sails, you are entering a restricted area"

The captain probably thought the ship was hailing someone else and wouldn't respond. When he would respond much later, you could hear all sorts of bickering happening since quarters were closer. Time was more restricted and corrections had to be amplified since valuable time had been wasted.

When we would be hailed, we knew it:

"White sailboat with maroon sails" 
or
"White sailboat with dark sails"

We would quickly respond and figure out what we each needed to do with miles of leeway, rather than a nail biting encounter.

Lastly, the sails don't show dirt! They are dark and any dirt that collects on them blends in with the color of the canvas. We even bathed our dog, Morty, in our jib. We had taken him to shore to do his business and let him run around. Being a corgi, all the mud that he kicked up while running covered his white belly turning it to a muddy tan. I didn't want the runoff going all over the deck, so I placed him in the sail and had the leech lay over the side of the boat so as I washed him, the runoff would go overboard rather than staying on deck and being tracked into the cabin. Never once did we worry about dirtying the fabric!

My old white sails had dirt bands from dirty water staining them when flaked, creating a stripped look to them. If they laid against the muddy anchor chain, they would become stained as it dried. It was a constant headache trying to keep the sails looking halfway decent. There is a reason power boaters call sails "rags". 

On an unrelated to actual sail properties note, tanbark sails is more common on cruiser boats. When you pull into a harbor flying tanbark, it's almost like flying a giant billboard telling everyone that you're a serious sailor.  

The ultimate decision comes down to your preferences. What fits your budget, desires, and plans. I wanted tanbark sails because I think they are pretty. All the other points have been bonuses, but they were not a priority for me. I am very happy with them and love how they look, hide dirt, and are easy to look at; but in the end, it is your boat and your choice. 

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Which sails do you prefer? Let me know in the comments section and don't forget to subscribe down below.

Tanbark vs White Sails Part 2

Last time we talked about the pros and cons of white sails, now we will talk about the same for tanbark sails.

The advantages of tanbark:

They are more visible in fog than white sails
They are not blinding to look at during the day
They are easily recognized
They don't show dirt

The cons of tanbark:

They cost a bit more
They can't be seen by night
The material is slightly more stretchy

In low light, the white sails still shine while the tanbark sails appear black

In low light, the white sails still shine while the tanbark sails appear black

To address cost, they are a bit more expensive. My sailmaker charges about 25% more for tanbark. This turns out to be a difference from $1100 for the staysail in white to $1600 for tanbark. For the main, it would have been a difference of $6800 for tanbark vs $5000 for white. With the main, I went a completely different direction which will be discussed in the future when we talk about laminated sails vs cloth. When taken into the grand scheme of total sail cost, it wasn't that much of a premium to have the sails made in tanbark as opposed to white.

The sails look black even at sunset

The sails look black even at sunset

Night time sailing is an issue and there is no way around it. We like to sleep next to each other all night rather than doing watches, so night sailing isn't an issue for us. We like to anchor if we are in the bay, or heave to if we are off-shore. When I would have to trim in the dark, I ended up doing it by feel to avoid blinding myself with a flashlight. I would grind the winch until the leech would stop fluttering or the sheet would stop shaking, but I had no idea what the tell tails were doing.

The other downfall of tanbark is that the dying process of the dacron cloth is rather harsh. Natural dacron is white, and to make the dye stick they have to treat it with harsh chemicals. This does make the cloth slightly more stretchy and decreases its longevity. 

A reduced working life and higher price does detract from the sails allure, but is it worth it? Would you rather stare at a pretty, easy on the eyes sail for say 6 years before it looses shape, or a blindingly white sail for 7 years before it looses shape? As you can tell, I chose the tanbark route for the headsails because I feel that paying a little more for comfort is worthwhile. 

Next time we will talk about the positive points for Tanbark Sails in Part 3

Overlapping Headsails Part 3

Tacking a large headsail can be troublesome. The sail sliding past all the shrouds, and then rubbing on the front of the mast as it makes its way across the deck. It's just asking for something to get snagged and catch the sheets on something during the tack. For a novice sailor with a large sailboat, this could be quite challenging. I think this might be why the sailboat manufactures are switching over to self tacking non overlapping jibs.

A non overlapping jib is able to flop from one tack to the next without any interference. As long as the lazy sheet doesn't get snagged on deck hardware, the tacks are fast, easy, and stress free. The logical progression from such a simple to tack headsail is to make it able to tack by itself. 

The self tacker makes the headsail as easy to tack as the mainsail, allowing the captain to focus on steering his sailboat to windward rather than worrying about setting and trimming his sails after each tack. This can change tacking up a river from being a chore to an extension of the journey.

This amount of ease will make infrequent boaters more likely to fly their sails, as they won't see it as such a chore and instead find it rather enjoyable. Self tacking headsails on a roller furler would be the ideal for someone interested in the minimal amount of set up and clean up involved with going sailing. It would simply involve them unfurling their sail and setting the sheet. To put the sail away, its just a matter of furling it back up! Nothing to flake, never needing to go forward, all the ease of modern sailing.

The smaller sail area would also be less difficult to manage on the larger boats which would otherwise have monumental sails. This may also seem less intimidating to the captain, knowing that even full sail is still easy to manage by hand and winch use is a matter of convenience rather than mandatory.

I think the switch from genoas to self tacking jibs is a wonderful transition for sailboat manufacturers to make to appeal to a wider consumer base. It might make someone who was reluctant about a sailboat more interested in them, bringing them the joys of sailing that we have been enjoying for years! What are your thoughts on headsails? Do you prefer to fly a genoa or a jib? Let me know in the comments down below.

Overlapping Headsails Part 1

I have noticed a shift in head sails lately. For awhile, everyone had massive genoas overlapping the mast and coming back very far. More boats now are coming with non overlapping jibs instead.

The explosion in genoa use was partly due to the rating rules that were applied to them. A massive headsail didn't add to your racing handicap as much, so it was almost like free sail area. The shift to non-overlapping headsails seems to be fueled more by simplicity of management. 

Many modern boats feature self tacking jibs. For this to work, the clew needs to be ahead of the mast. I personally have a self tacker set up on my staysail and it is a dream when short tacking out of a harbor or river. I will purposely sail under canvased simply for the ease when sailing short handed. 

It seems that windward performance is the top priority of modern sailboats. To do this, they have switched from shorter rigs with short and long sails to much taller rigs with skinny sails

High aspect ratio sails offer more lift compared to the amount of drag generated by the sails, while low aspect ratio sails will generate more drag for the same amount of lift. This is because the longer the air is in contact with the sailcloth, the more resistance it generates.

It seems counter-intuitive that the shift towards high aspect ratio sails would generate more use of long overlapping, low aspect ratio headsails. This is because all the sail area behind the mast helps to move the center of effort aft, pulling the vessel to windward rather than creating lee helm. A large overlapping headsail paired with a high aspect ratio mainsail will really help drive a sailboat to windward.

More to come in Part 2